Estructura poblacional de la tortuga blanca, Dermatemys mawii Gray (Testudines, Dermatemydidae), en la Laguna El Perú, Petén, Guatemala
Resumen
La tortuga blanca (Dermatemys mawii Gray) está considerada en peligro de extinción por UICN, y está en el apéndice II de CITES. Hasta la fecha pocos estudios se han realizado sobre la ecología de esta especie, especialmente sobre la estructura poblacional, siendo importante su estudio pues es la única especie sobreviviente de la familia Dermatemydidae. El presente trabajo analiza la estructura poblacional (razón de sexos, estructura de edades) y la abundancia relativa de dicha especie en la laguna El Perú, Petén, Guatemala. Se analizó la estructura mediante la determinación del sexo y clases de edades, y se calculó la abundancia relativa tomando en cuenta el número de individuos capturados por unidad de esfuerzo (metros de trasmallos por horas que estuvo instalado el trasmallo). El trabajo fue realizado de junio 2012 a julio 2013 utilizando el método de captura-marca-recaptura y trampeando por cuatro noches consecutivas cada mes, obteniendo un esfuerzo total de captura de 124,800 hrs/m/ trasmallo. Se capturaron, marcaron y liberaron 121 individuos, de los cuales 70 fueron machos y 51 fueron hembras. La razón de sexos se obtuvo mediante el cociente del total de capturas entre machos y hembras, obteniendo una razón de sexos de 1.37 machos por 1 hembra. Se encontró que cerca del 62% de los individuos eran sub-adultos seguido de un número alto de capturas de adultos (38%) y sin ningún reporte de juveniles. Con los resultados obtenidos se infiere que la laguna El Perú posee una población de tortugas blancas importante para la conservación, además de ser un sitio importante para la anidación, refugio y alimentación de esta especie. Por lo tanto es necesario llevar a cabo estudios a lo largo de varios ciclos anuales completos para poder plantear un diseño de manejo y conservación adecuado que tome en cuenta las fluctuaciones poblacionales.
Population structure of the white turtle, Central American River Turtle Dermatemys mawii Gray (Testudines, Dermatemydidae) in Laguna El Perú, Petén, Guatemala
Abstract
The white turtle (Dermatemys mawii Gray) is considered an endangered species by the IUCN and is listed in the Appendix II of CITES. To this date, few studies have been conducted on the ecology of this species, especially on the population structure, which is important because it is the only surviving species of the family Dermatemydidae. This work analyzes the population structure (sex ratio, age structure) and the relative abundance of this species in the lagoon El Perú, Petén, Guatemala. The structure was analyzed by determining the sex and age classes, and the relative abundance was calculated taking into account the number of individuals caught per unit effort (meters of trammel net per the amount of hours the net trammel was installed). The work was performed from June 2012 to July 2013 using the method of capture-markrecapture and tricking for four consecutive nights each month, obtaining a total of 124,800 hrs/m/trammel net. There were 121 individuals captured, markedand released, of whom 70 were males and 51 were females. The sex ratio was obtained using the quotient of the total captures between males and females, resulting in a sex ratio of 1.37 males to 1 female. We found that about 62% of individuals were sub-adult, followed by a large number of captured adults (38%) and no reports of juveniles. With the obtained results, we conclude that the lagoon Peru has a population of green turtles important for conservation, in addition to being an important nesting and feeding refuge site for this species. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct studies over several complete annual cycles to propose an appropriate management and conservation design that considers the population fluctuations.
Population structure of the white turtle, Central American River Turtle Dermatemys mawii Gray (Testudines, Dermatemydidae) in Laguna El Perú, Petén, Guatemala
Abstract
The white turtle (Dermatemys mawii Gray) is considered an endangered species by the IUCN and is listed in the Appendix II of CITES. To this date, few studies have been conducted on the ecology of this species, especially on the population structure, which is important because it is the only surviving species of the family Dermatemydidae. This work analyzes the population structure (sex ratio, age structure) and the relative abundance of this species in the lagoon El Perú, Petén, Guatemala. The structure was analyzed by determining the sex and age classes, and the relative abundance was calculated taking into account the number of individuals caught per unit effort (meters of trammel net per the amount of hours the net trammel was installed). The work was performed from June 2012 to July 2013 using the method of capture-markrecapture and tricking for four consecutive nights each month, obtaining a total of 124,800 hrs/m/trammel net. There were 121 individuals captured, markedand released, of whom 70 were males and 51 were females. The sex ratio was obtained using the quotient of the total captures between males and females, resulting in a sex ratio of 1.37 males to 1 female. We found that about 62% of individuals were sub-adult, followed by a large number of captured adults (38%) and no reports of juveniles. With the obtained results, we conclude that the lagoon Peru has a population of green turtles important for conservation, in addition to being an important nesting and feeding refuge site for this species. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct studies over several complete annual cycles to propose an appropriate management and conservation design that considers the population fluctuations.
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