Determination of the frecuency of the fusion transcripts in bone marrow from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblawstic leukemia type B (B-ALL)
Keywords:
BCL-ABL, RT.PCR, Choronic myeloid leukemia, type B acute lymphoblastic leukemiaAbstract
Determination of the frequency of the fusion transcripts in bone marrow from patients withchronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia type B (B-ALL).
Abstract
At the molecular level translocation t(9;22) (q34, q11), known as the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph +),originates chimeric gene BCR-ABL coding for the expression of three fusion transcripts corresponding tob2a2, b3a2 and e1a2 . It has been shown that there is a relationship between the type of transcript pathologicaland clinical-demographic characteristics of leukemic patients. In Guatemala, there are no data regarding thefrequency of BCR-ABL transcripts in the diagnosis of leukemia, so now the genetic characterization of leukemicGuatemalan population with this condition has been impossible to make. The main objective of this studywas to determine the frequency of fusion transcripts BCR-ABL by means of the chain reaction technique ofreverse transcription polymerase (RT-PCR) in bone marrow samples from patients with CML and ALL-B tohelp the genetic characterization of leukemic Guatemalan population. In the present study we determined thatthe frequency of expression of different transcripts chimeric BCR-ABL gene in 35 bone marrow samples frompatients with CML and ALL-B corresponds to a low frequency for e1a2 transcript (11%) with respect to thefrequency of the b2a2 transcript (43%) and b3a2 (43%) and with a frequency of 3% coexpression representedby b2a2/b3a2 transcripts. Identified the predominance could e1a2 transcript in patients with ALL-B and b2a2and b3a2 transcripts and their coexpression (b2a2/b3a2) in CML patients, however no significant differencesin the frequency of expression of b2a2 and b3a2 compared (P= 0.369). It was found that the findings of studiesconducted in different geographical regions of the world for patients with ALL-B match with the frequencyreported in the Guatemalan in leukemic population with this condition detected in 100% of patients withtranscript expression pathological e1a2. We conclude that the frequency of BCR-ABL transcripts between theGuatemalan population CML agrees with that reported in studies conducted in Latin American countries,where the population is mainly mestizo group and is inverse to that reported in Western and Eastern countrieswhere there is predominance of Caucasian and Asian populations, because in such studies frequently reporteda significant difference between the expression frequency of b2a2 (30-40%) compared with b3a2 expression(50-60%). This suggests that the Guatemalan population expressing leukemic fusion transcripts of chimericBCR-ABL gene has a different biological behavior compared to that reported in Asian and Caucasian populationproduct of genetic variability among populations as a possible explanation for the differences observed in thisstudy.
Key words:
BCR-ABL, RT-PCR, Chronic myeloid leukemia, type B acute lymphoblastic leukemia
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